Quiz: Which special method is responsible for instantiating a new object instance in Python?
__new__ is the static constructor that creates and returns a new object instance; __init__ then receives that instance to initialize its attributes.
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__new__ is the static constructor that creates and returns a new object instance; __init__ then receives that instance to initialize its attributes.
… messages for worker polling (point-to-point); SNS broadcasts messages to multiple subscribing endpoints (fan-out push model).
… architectures , state is stored in centralized datastores/caches, allowing individual application nodes to be freely added or removed without disrupting users.
… directory and creates a new container image tagged as myapp .
… only the finalized artifact into a slim production base image (e.g. alpine).
Prometheus acts as the time-series metric collector and alerting engine, while Grafana provides rich visualization dashboards.
Docker executes Dockerfile commands sequentially and checks its build cache; if a layer changes (e.g. COPY . ), all following layers must be rebuilt .
ConfigMaps hold general configuration data as key-value pairs; Secrets store sensitive data like credentials and TLS keys with restricted access controls.